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View File Name : Domain.pod

=encoding utf8

=head1 NAME

Log::Report::Domain - administer one text-domain

=head1 INHERITANCE

 Log::Report::Domain
   is a Log::Report::Minimal::Domain

 Log::Report::Domain is extended by
   Log::Report::Template::Textdomain

=head1 SYNOPSIS

 # internal usage
 use Log::Report::Domain;
 my $domain = Log::Report::Domain->new(name => $name);

 # find a ::Domain object
 use Log::Report 'my-domain';
 my $domain = textdomain 'my-domain'; # find domain config
 my $domain = textdomain;             # config of this package

 # explicit domain configuration
 package My::Package;
 use Log::Report 'my-domain';         # set textdomain for package

 textdomain $name, %configure;        # set config, once per program
 (textdomain $name)->configure(%configure); # same
 textdomain->configure(%configure);   # same if current package in $name

 # implicit domain configuration
 package My::Package;
 use Log::Report 'my-domain', %configure;
 
 # external file for configuration (perl or json format)
 use Log::Report 'my-domain', config => $filename;

 use Log::Report 'my-domain';
 textdomain->configure(config => $filename);

=head1 DESCRIPTION

L<Log::Report> can handle multiple sets of packages at the same
time: in the usual case a program consists of more than one software
distribution, each containing a number of packages.  Each module
in an application belongs to one of these sets, by default the domain set
'default'.

For C<Log::Report>, those packags sets are differentiated via the
text-domain value in the C<use> statement:

  use Log::Report 'my-domain';

There are many things you can configure per (text)domain.  This is not
only related to translations, but also -for instance- for text formatting
configuration.  The administration for the configuration is managed in
this package.

Extends L<"DESCRIPTION" in Log::Report::Minimal::Domain|Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"DESCRIPTION">.
 
=head1 METHODS

Extends L<"METHODS" in Log::Report::Minimal::Domain|Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"METHODS">.
 
=head2 Constructors

Extends L<"Constructors" in Log::Report::Minimal::Domain|Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"Constructors">.
 
=over 4

=item Log::Report::Domain-E<gt>B<new>(%options)

Create a new Domain object.

 -Option--Defined in                  --Default
  name    Log::Report::Minimal::Domain  <required>

=over 2

=item name => STRING

=back

=back

=head2 Attributes

Extends L<"Attributes" in Log::Report::Minimal::Domain|Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"Attributes">.
 
=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<configure>(%options)

The import is automatically called when the package is compiled.  For all
but one packages in your distribution, it will only contain the name of
the DOMAIN.  For one package, it will contain configuration information.
These %options are used for all packages which use the same DOMAIN.
See chapter L</Configuring> below.

 -Option         --Defined in                  --Default
  config                                         undef
  context_rules                                  undef
  formatter                                      PRINTI
  native_language                                'en_US'
  translator                                     created internally
  where            Log::Report::Minimal::Domain  <required>

=over 2

=item config => FILENAME

Read the settings from the file.  The parameters found in the file are
used as default for the parameters above.  This parameter is especially
useful for the C<context_rules>, which need to be shared between the
running application and F<xgettext-perl>.  See L<readConfig()|Log::Report::Domain/"Attributes">

=item context_rules => HASH|OBJECT

When rules are provided, the translator will use the C<msgctxt> fields
as provided by PO-files (gettext).  This parameter is used to initialize
a L<Log::Report::Translator::Context|Log::Report::Translator::Context> helper object.

=item formatter => CODE|HASH|'PRINTI'

Selects the formatter used for the errors messages.  The default is C<PRINTI>,
which will use L<String::Print::printi()|String::Print/"FUNCTIONS">: interpolation with curly
braces around the variable names.

=item native_language => CODESET

This is the language which you have used to write the translatable and
the non-translatable messages in.  In case no translation is needed,
you still wish the system error messages to be in the same language
as the report.  Of course, each textdomain can define its own.

=item translator => L<Log::Report::Translator|Log::Report::Translator>|HASH

Set the object which will do the translations for this domain.

=item where => ARRAY

=back

=item $obj-E<gt>B<contextRules>()

=item $obj-E<gt>B<defaultContext>()

Returns the current default translation context settings as HASH.  You should
not modify the content of that HASH: change it by called L<setContext()|Log::Report::Domain/"Attributes"> or
L<updateContext()|Log::Report::Domain/"Attributes">.

=item $obj-E<gt>B<isConfigured>()

Inherited, see L<Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"Attributes">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<name>()

Inherited, see L<Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"Attributes">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<nativeLanguage>()

=item $obj-E<gt>B<readConfig>($filename)

=item Log::Report::Domain-E<gt>B<readConfig>($filename)

Helper method, which simply parses the content $filename into a HASH to be
used as parameters to L<configure()|Log::Report::Domain/"Attributes">. The filename must end on '.pl',
to indicate that it uses perl syntax (can be processed with Perl's C<do>
command) or end on '.json'.  See also chapter L</Configuring> below.

Currently, this file can be in Perl native format (when ending on C<.pl>)
or JSON (when it ends with C<.json>).  Various modules may explain parts
of what can be found in these files, for instance
L<Log::Report::Translator::Context|Log::Report::Translator::Context>.

=item $obj-E<gt>B<setContext>(STRING|HASH|ARRAY|PAIRS)

Temporary set the default translation context for messages.  This is used
when the message is created without a C<_context> parameter. The context
can be retrieved with L<defaultContext()|Log::Report::Domain/"Attributes">.

Contexts are totally ignored then there are no C<context_rules>.  When
you do not wish to change settings, you may simply provide a HASH.

example: 

   use Log::Report 'my-domain', context_rules => {};

=item $obj-E<gt>B<translator>()

=item $obj-E<gt>B<updateContext>(STRING|HASH|ARRAY|PAIRS)

[1.10] Make changes and additions to the active context (see L<setContext()|Log::Report::Domain/"Attributes">).

=back

=head2 Action

Extends L<"Action" in Log::Report::Minimal::Domain|Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"Action">.
 
=over 4

=item $obj-E<gt>B<interpolate>( $msgid, [$args] )

Inherited, see L<Log::Report::Minimal::Domain/"Action">

=item $obj-E<gt>B<translate>($message, $language)

Translate the $message into the $language.

=back

=head1 DETAILS

=head2 Configuring

Configuration of a domain can happen in many ways: either explicitly or
implicitly.  The explicit form:

   package My::Package;
   use Log::Report 'my-domain';

   textdomain 'my-domain', %configuration;
   textdomain->configure(%configuration);
   textdomain->configure(\%configuration);

   textdomain->configure(conf => $filename);

The implicit form is (no variables possible, only constants!)

   package My::Package;
   use Log::Report 'my-domain', %configuration;
   use Log::Report 'my-domain', conf => '/filename';

You can only configure your domain in one place in your program.  The
textdomain setup is then used for all packages in the same domain.

This also works for L<Log::Report::Optional|Log::Report::Optional>, which is a dressed-down
version of L<Log::Report|Log::Report>.

=head3 configuring your own formatter

[0.91] The C<PRINTI> is a special constants for L<configure(formatter)|Log::Report::Domain/"Attributes">, and
will use L<String::Print|String::Print> function C<printi()>, with the standard tricks.

  textdomain 'some-domain'
    formatter =>
      { class     => 'String::Print'    # default
      , method    => 'sprinti'          # default
      , %options    # constructor options for the class
      );

When you want your own formatter, or configuration of C<String::Print>,
you need to pass a CODE.  Be aware that you may loose magic added by
L<Log::Report|Log::Report> and other layers, like L<Log::Report::Template|Log::Report::Template>:

  textdomain 'some-domain'
    , formatter => \&my_formatter;

=head3 configuring global values

Say, you log for a (Dancer) webserver, where you wish to include the website
name in some of the log lines.  For this, (ab)use the translation context:

  ### first enabled translation contexts
  use Log::Report 'my-domain', context_rules => {};
  # or
  use Log::Report 'my-domain';
  textdomain->configure(context_rules => {});
  # or
  textdomain 'my-domain'
    , content_rules => {};
  
  ### every time you start working for a different virtual host
  (textdomain 'my-domain')->setContext(host => $host);

  ### now you can use that in your code
  package My::Package;
  use Log::Report 'my-domain';
  error __x"in {_context.host} not logged-in {user}", user => $username;

=head1 SEE ALSO

This module is part of Log-Report distribution version 1.29,
built on November 08, 2019. Website: F<http://perl.overmeer.net/CPAN/>

=head1 LICENSE

Copyrights 2007-2019 by [Mark Overmeer <markov@cpan.org>]. For other contributors see ChangeLog.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.
See F<http://dev.perl.org/licenses/>