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<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>Apache Tomcat 7 (7.0.107) - Windows service HOW-TO</title><meta name="author" content="Mladen Turk"><style type="text/css" media="print"> .noPrint {display: none;} td#mainBody {width: 100%;} </style><style type="text/css"> code {background-color:rgb(224,255,255);padding:0 0.1em;} code.attributeName, code.propertyName {background-color:transparent;} table { border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left; } table *:not(table) { /* Prevent border-collapsing for table child elements like <div> */ border-collapse: separate; } th { text-align: left; } div.codeBox pre code, code.attributeName, code.propertyName, code.noHighlight, .noHighlight code { background-color: transparent; } div.codeBox { overflow: auto; margin: 1em 0; } div.codeBox pre { margin: 0; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid #999; border-radius: 5px; background-color: #eff8ff; display: table; /* To prevent <pre>s from taking the complete 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border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/"><img src="./images/tomcat.gif" align="right" alt=" The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container " border="0"></a></td><td><h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Apache Tomcat 7</font></h1><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">Version 7.0.107, Nov 18 2020</font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img src="./images/asf-logo.svg" align="right" alt="Apache Logo" border="0" style="width: 266px;height: 83px;"></a></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" cellspacing="4"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><tr><!--LEFT SIDE NAVIGATION--><td width="20%" valign="top" nowrap class="noPrint"><p><strong>Links</strong></p><ul><li><a href="index.html">Docs Home</a></li><li><a href="https://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FAQ">FAQ</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">User Comments</a></li></ul><p><strong>User 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href="tribes/introduction.html">Tribes</a></li></ul></td><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td width="80%" valign="top" align="left" id="mainBody"><h1>Windows service HOW-TO</h1><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Table of Contents"><!--()--></a><a name="Table_of_Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <ul><li><a href="#Tomcat_service_application">Tomcat service application</a></li><li><a href="#Tomcat_monitor_application">Tomcat monitor application</a></li><li><a href="#Command_line_arguments">Command line arguments</a></li><li><a href="#Command_line_parameters">Command line parameters</a></li><li><a href="#Installing_services">Installing services</a></li><li><a href="#Updating_services">Updating services</a></li><li><a href="#Removing_services">Removing services</a></li><li><a href="#Debugging_services">Debugging services</a></li><li><a href="#Multiple_Instances">Multiple Instances</a></li></ul> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat service application"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_service_application"><strong>Tomcat service application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> <b>Tomcat7</b> is a service application for running Tomcat 7 as a Windows service. </p> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Tomcat monitor application"><!--()--></a><a name="Tomcat_monitor_application"><strong>Tomcat monitor application</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> <b>Tomcat7w</b> is a GUI application for monitoring and configuring Tomcat services. </p> <p>The available command line options are:</p> <table class="defaultTable"> <tr><td><b>//ES//</b></td> <td>Edit service configuration</td> <td>This is the default operation. It is called if the no option is provided but the executable is renamed to <b>servicenameW.exe</b></td> </tr> <tr><td><b>//MS//</b></td> <td>Monitor service</td> <td>Put the icon in the system tray</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Command line arguments"><!--()--></a><a name="Command_line_arguments"><strong>Command line arguments</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> Each command line directive is in the form of <b>//XX//ServiceName</b> </p> <p>The available command line options are:</p> <table class="defaultTable"> <tr><td><b>//TS//</b></td> <td>Run the service as console application</td> <td>This is the default operation. It is called if the no option is provided. The ServiceName is the name of the executable without exe suffix, meaning Tomcat7</td> </tr> <tr><td><b>//RS//</b></td> <td>Run the service</td> <td>Called only from ServiceManager</td> </tr> <tr><td><b>//SS//</b></td> <td>Stop the service</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr><td><b>//US//</b></td> <td>Update service parameters</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr><td><b>//IS//</b></td> <td>Install service</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr><td><b>//DS//</b></td> <td>Delete service</td> <td>Stops the service if running</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Command line parameters"><!--()--></a><a name="Command_line_parameters"><strong>Command line parameters</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> Each command line parameter is prefixed with <b>--</b>. If the command line parameter is prefixed with <b>++</b> then it's value will be appended to the existing option. If the environment variable with the same name as command line parameter but prefixed with <code>PR_</code> exists it will take precedence. For example:</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>set PR_CLASSPATH=xx.jar</code></pre></div> <p>is equivalent to providing</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>--Classpath=xx.jar</code></pre></div> <p> as command line parameter.</p> <table class="defaultTable"> <tr> <th>ParameterName</th> <th>Default</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td>--Description</td> <td></td> <td>Service name description (maximum 1024 characters)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--DisplayName</td> <td>ServiceName</td> <td>Service display name</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--Install</td> <td>procrun.exe //RS//ServiceName</td> <td>Install image</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--Startup</td> <td>manual</td> <td>Service startup mode can be either <b>auto</b> or <b>manual</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td>--DependsOn</td> <td></td> <td>List of services that this service depend on. Dependent services are separated using either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--Environment</td> <td></td> <td>List of environment variables that will be provided to the service in the form <b>key=value</b>. They are separated using either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters. If you need to use either the <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> character within a value then the entire value must be enclosed inside single quotes.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--User</td> <td></td> <td>User account used for running executable. It is used only for StartMode <b>java</b> or <b>exe</b> and enables running applications as service under account without LogonAsService privilege.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--Password</td> <td></td> <td>Password for user account set by --User parameter</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--JavaHome</td> <td>JAVA_HOME</td> <td>Set a different JAVA_HOME than defined by JAVA_HOME environment variable</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--Jvm</td> <td>auto</td> <td>Use either <b>auto</b> (i.e. find the JVM from the Windows registry) or specify the full path to the <b>jvm.dll</b>. You can use the environment variable expansion here.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--JvmOptions</td> <td>-Xrs</td> <td>List of options in the form of <b>-D</b> or <b>-X</b> that will be passed to the JVM. The options are separated using either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters. If you need to embed either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters, put them inside single quotes. (Not used in <b>exe</b> mode.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--JvmOptions9</td> <td></td> <td>List of options in the form of <b>-D</b> or <b>-X</b> that will be passed to the JVM when running on Java 9 or later. The options are separated using either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters. If you need to embed either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> characters, put them inside single quotes. (Not used in <b>exe</b> mode.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--Classpath</td> <td></td> <td>Set the Java classpath. (Not used in <b>exe</b> mode.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--JvmMs</td> <td></td> <td>Initial memory pool size in MB. (Not used in <b>exe</b> mode.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--JvmMx</td> <td></td> <td>Maximum memory pool size in MB. (Not used in <b>exe</b> mode.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--JvmSs</td> <td></td> <td>Thread stack size in KB. (Not used in <b>exe</b> mode.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StartMode</td> <td></td> <td>One of <b>jvm</b>, <b>Java</b> or <b>exe</b>. The modes are: <ul> <li>jvm - start Java in-process. Depends on jvm.dll, see <b>--Jvm</b>.</li> <li>Java - same as exe, but automatically uses the default Java executable, i.e. %JAVA_HOME%\bin\java.exe. Make sure JAVA_HOME is set correctly, or use --JavaHome to provide the correct location. If neither is set, procrun will try to find the default JDK (not JRE) from the Windows registry.</li> <li>exe - run the image as a separate process</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StartImage</td> <td></td> <td>Executable that will be run. Only applies to <b>exe</b> mode.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StartPath</td> <td></td> <td>Working path for the start image executable.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StartClass</td> <td>Main</td> <td>Class that contains the startup method. Applies to the <b>jvm</b> and <b>Java</b> modes. (Not used in <b>exe</b> mode.) </td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StartMethod</td> <td>main</td> <td>Method name if differs then main</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StartParams</td> <td></td> <td>List of parameters that will be passed to either StartImage or StartClass. Parameters are separated using either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> character.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StopMode</td> <td></td> <td>One of <b>jvm</b>, <b>Java</b> or <b>exe</b>. See <b>--StartMode</b> for further details. </td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StopImage</td> <td></td> <td>Executable that will be run on Stop service signal. Only applies to <b>exe</b> mode.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StopPath</td> <td></td> <td>Working path for the stop image executable. Does not apply to <b>jvm</b> mode.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StopClass</td> <td>Main</td> <td>Class that will be used on Stop service signal. Applies to the <b>jvm</b> and <b>Java</b> modes. </td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StopMethod</td> <td>main</td> <td>Method name if differs then main</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StopParams</td> <td></td> <td>List of parameters that will be passed to either StopImage or StopClass. Parameters are separated using either <b>#</b> or <b>;</b> character.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StopTimeout</td> <td>No Timeout</td> <td>Defines the timeout in seconds that procrun waits for service to exit gracefully.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--LogPath</td> <td>%SystemRoot%\System32\LogFiles\Apache</td> <td>Defines the path for logging. Creates the directory if necessary.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--LogPrefix</td> <td>commons-daemon</td> <td>Defines the service log filename prefix. The log file is created in the LogPath directory with <code>.YEAR-MONTH-DAY.log</code> suffix</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--LogLevel</td> <td>Info</td> <td>Defines the logging level and can be either <b>Error</b>, <b>Info</b>, <b>Warn</b> or <b>Debug</b>. (Case insensitive).</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StdOutput</td> <td></td> <td>Redirected stdout filename. If named <b>auto</b> then file is created inside <b>LogPath</b> with the name <b>service-stdout.YEAR-MONTH-DAY.log</b>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--StdError</td> <td></td> <td>Redirected stderr filename. If named <b>auto</b> then file is created inside <b>LogPath</b> with the name <b>service-stderr.YEAR-MONTH-DAY.log</b>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>--PidFile</td> <td></td> <td>Defines the file name for storing the running process id. Actual file is created in the <b>LogPath</b> directory</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Installing services"><!--()--></a><a name="Installing_services"><strong>Installing services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> The safest way to manually install the service is to use the provided <b>service.bat</b> script. Administrator privileges are required to run this script. If necessary, you can use the <code>/user</code> switch to specify a user to use for the installation of the service. </p> <p> <strong>NOTE:</strong> If User Account Control (UAC) is enabled you will be asked for additional privileges when 'Tomcat7.exe' is launched by the script.<br> If you want to pass additional options to service installer as <code>PR_*</code> environment variables, you have to either configure them globally in OS, or launch the program that sets them with elevated privileges (e.g. right-click on cmd.exe and select "Run as administrator"; on Windows 8 (or later) or Windows Server 2012 (or later), you can open an elevated command prompt for the current directory from the Explorer by clicking on the "File" menu bar). See issue <a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=56143">56143</a> for details. </p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Install the service named 'Tomcat7' C:\> service.bat install</code></pre></div> <p>There is a 2nd optional parameter that lets you specify the name of the service, as displayed in Windows services.</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Install the service named 'MyService' C:\> service.bat install MyService</code></pre></div> <p>When installing the service with a non-default name, tomcat7.exe and tomcat7w.exe may be renamed to match the chosen service name. To do this, use the <code>--rename</code> option.</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Install the service named 'MyService' with renaming C:\> service.bat install MyService --rename</code></pre></div> <p> If using tomcat7.exe, you need to use the <b>//IS//</b> parameter.</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Install the service named 'Tomcat7' C:\> tomcat7 //IS//Tomcat7 --DisplayName="Apache Tomcat 7" ^ --Install="C:\Program Files\Tomcat\bin\tomcat7.exe" --Jvm=auto ^ --StartMode=jvm --StopMode=jvm ^ --StartClass=org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap --StartParams=start ^ --StopClass=org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap --StopParams=stop</code></pre></div> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Updating services"><!--()--></a><a name="Updating_services"><strong>Updating services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> To update the service parameters, you need to use the <b>//US//</b> parameter. </p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Update the service named 'Tomcat7' C:\> tomcat7 //US//Tomcat7 --Description="Apache Tomcat Server - https://tomcat.apache.org/ " ^ --Startup=auto --Classpath=%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar;%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\bootstrap.jar</code></pre></div> <p>If you gave the service an optional name, you need to specify it like this: </p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Update the service named 'MyService' C:\> tomcat7 //US//MyService --Description="Apache Tomcat Server - https://tomcat.apache.org/ " ^ --Startup=auto --Classpath=%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar;%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\bootstrap.jar</code></pre></div> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Removing services"><!--()--></a><a name="Removing_services"><strong>Removing services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> To remove the service, you need to use the <b>//DS//</b> parameter.<br> If the service is running it will be stopped and then deleted.</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Remove the service named 'Tomcat7' C:\> tomcat7 //DS//Tomcat7</code></pre></div> <p>If you gave the service an optional name, you need to specify it like this: </p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Remove the service named 'MyService' C:\> tomcat7 //DS//MyService</code></pre></div> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Debugging services"><!--()--></a><a name="Debugging_services"><strong>Debugging services</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> To run the service in console mode, you need to use the <b>//TS//</b> parameter. The service shutdown can be initiated by pressing <b>CTRL+C</b> or <b>CTRL+BREAK</b>. If you rename the tomcat7.exe to testservice.exe then you can just execute the testservice.exe and this command mode will be executed by default.</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>Run the service named 'Tomcat7' in console mode C:\> tomcat7 //TS//Tomcat7 [additional arguments] Or simply execute: C:\> tomcat7</code></pre></div> </blockquote></td></tr></table><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica.sanserif"><a name="Multiple Instances"><!--()--></a><a name="Multiple_Instances"><strong>Multiple Instances</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote> <p> Tomcat supports installation of multiple instances. You can have a single installation of Tomcat with multiple instances running on different IP/port combinations, or multiple Tomcat versions, each running one or more instances on different IP/ports.</p> <p> Each instance folder will need the following structure: </p> <ul> <li>conf</li> <li>logs</li> <li>temp</li> <li>webapps</li> <li>work</li> </ul> <p> At a minimum, conf should contain a copy of the following files from CATALINA_HOME\conf\. Any files not copied and edited, will be picked up by default from CATALINA_HOME\conf, i.e. CATALINA_BASE\conf files override defaults from CATALINA_HOME\conf.</p> <ul> <li>server.xml</li> <li>web.xml</li> </ul> <p> You must edit CATALINA_BASE\conf\server.xml to specify a unique IP/port for the instance to listen on. Find the line that contains <code><Connector port="8080" ...</code> and add an address attribute and/or update the port number so as to specify a unique IP/port combination.</p> <p> To install an instance, first set the CATALINA_HOME environment variable to the name of the Tomcat installation directory. Then create a second environment variable CATALINA_BASE and point this to the instance folder. Then run "service install" command specifying a service name.</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>set CATALINA_HOME=c:\tomcat_7 set CATALINA_BASE=c:\tomcat_7\instances\instance1 service install instance1</code></pre></div> <p> To modify the service settings, you can run <b>tomcat7w //ES//instance1</b>. </p> <p> For additional instances, create additional instance folder, update the CATALINA_BASE environment variable, and run the service install again.</p> <div class="codeBox"><pre><code>set CATALINA_BASE=c:\tomcat_7\instances\instance2 service install instance2</code></pre></div> </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr noshade size="1"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font color="#525D76" size="-1"><em> Copyright © 1999-2020, Apache Software Foundation </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>
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