Gecko [ edgpens.lpkmn.gov.my ]

Name	Size	Permission
howto	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx
technical	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx
MyFirstContribution.html	101.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
MyFirstObjectWalk.html	72.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
SubmittingPatches.html	63.36 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
ToolsForGit.html	32.1 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
docbook-xsl.css	4.45 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
everyday.html	29.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-add.html	50.6 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-am.html	42.42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-annotate.html	40.26 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-apply.html	44.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-archive.html	41.15 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bash.html	34.89 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bisect-lk2009.html	92.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bisect.html	52.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-blame.html	51.15 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-branch.html	51.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bugreport.html	32.14 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bundle.html	45.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-cat-file.html	47.64 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-attr.html	34.93 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-ignore.html	35.68 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-mailmap.html	31.67 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-ref-format.html	36.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-checkout-index.html	37.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-checkout.html	59.77 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-cherry-pick.html	42.18 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-cherry.html	35.1 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-citool.html	30.53 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-clean.html	35.76 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-clone.html	52.58 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-column.html	32.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-commit-graph.html	36.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-commit-tree.html	39.13 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-commit.html	65.26 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-config.html	367.82 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-count-objects.html	31.79 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential-cache--daemon.h...	31.06 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential-cache.html	32.78 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential-store.html	34.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential.html	37.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-daemon.html	46.12 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-describe.html	40.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff-files.html	86.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff-index.html	91.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff-tree.html	117.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff.html	95.61 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-difftool.html	37.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fast-export.html	43.41 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fast-import.html	111.36 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fetch-pack.html	35.51 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fetch.html	75.8 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-filter-branch.html	65.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fmt-merge-msg.html	33.93 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-for-each-ref.html	50.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-for-each-repo.html	32.12 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-format-patch.html	88 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fsck-objects.html	30.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fsck.html	41.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fsmonitor--daemon.html	32.83 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-gc.html	45.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-get-tar-commit-id.html	30.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-grep.html	46.16 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-gui.html	34.8 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-hash-object.html	32.4 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-help.html	39.51 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-hook.html	31.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-http-backend.html	43.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-http-fetch.html	32.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-http-push.html	34.02 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-imap-send.html	37.59 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-index-pack.html	36.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-init-db.html	30.34 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-init.html	38.32 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-instaweb.html	33.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-interpret-trailers.html	50.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-log.html	169.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-ls-files.html	41.98 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-ls-remote.html	35.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-ls-tree.html	37.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mailinfo.html	35.02 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mailsplit.html	31.95 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-maintenance.html	52.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-base.html	40.83 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-file.html	34.2 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-index.html	33.18 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-one-file.html	30.3 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-tree.html	30.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge.html	78.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mergetool--lib.html	31.87 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mergetool.html	50.4 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mktag.html	32.6 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mktree.html	31.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-multi-pack-index.html	35.81 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mv.html	32.81 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-name-rev.html	34.27 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-notes.html	49.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-p4.html	67.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pack-objects.html	53.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pack-redundant.html	31.61 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pack-refs.html	32.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-patch-id.html	32.58 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-prune-packed.html	31.36 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-prune.html	33.06 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pull.html	85.03 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-push.html	76.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-quiltimport.html	32.19 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-range-diff.html	43.82 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-read-tree.html	50.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rebase.html	103.48 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-receive-pack.html	42.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-reflog.html	36.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote-ext.html	35.34 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote-fd.html	32.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote-helpers.html	29.82 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote.html	42.5 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-repack.html	41.93 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-replace.html	37.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-request-pull.html	33.02 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rerere.html	39.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-reset.html	56.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-restore.html	39.97 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rev-list.html	118.22 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rev-parse.html	72.3 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-revert.html	37.42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rm.html	39.86 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-send-email.html	57.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-send-pack.html	36.87 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sh-i18n--envsubst.html	31.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sh-i18n.html	31.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sh-setup.html	33.75 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-shell.html	34.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-shortlog.html	71.45 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show-branch.html	38.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show-index.html	32.2 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show-ref.html	37.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show.html	112.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sparse-checkout.html	54.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-stage.html	30.24 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-stash.html	48.68 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-status.html	53.31 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-stripspace.html	32.76 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-submodule.html	55.69 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-subtree.html	47.96 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-svn.html	89.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-switch.html	41.98 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-symbolic-ref.html	32.69 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-tag.html	49.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-tools.html	30.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-unpack-file.html	30.51 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-unpack-objects.html	31.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-update-index.html	60.6 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-update-ref.html	38.35 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-update-server-info.html	30.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-upload-archive.html	32.58 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-upload-pack.html	32.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-var.html	32.49 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-verify-commit.html	30.76 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-verify-pack.html	31.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-verify-tag.html	30.75 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-version.html	30.66 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-web--browse.html	35.06 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-whatchanged.html	31.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-worktree.html	56.98 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-write-tree.html	31.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git.html	106.92 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitattributes.html	92.19 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcli.html	42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcore-tutorial.html	111 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcredentials.html	43.44 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcvs-migration.html	39.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitdiffcore.html	46.2 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
giteveryday.html	50.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitfaq.html	56.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitglossary.html	67.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
githooks.html	65.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitignore.html	40.59 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitk.html	40.38 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitmailmap.html	35.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitmodules.html	36.43 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitnamespaces.html	34.91 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitremote-helpers.html	58.26 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitrepository-layout.html	50.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitrevisions.html	51.97 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitsubmodules.html	44.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gittutorial-2.html	46.96 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gittutorial.html	57.55 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitweb.conf.html	80.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitweb.html	63.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitworkflows.html	52.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
howto-index.html	35.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
index.html	106.92 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
user-manual.html	261.1 KB	-rw-rw-rw-

Code Editor : git-bundle.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>
<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 2.0.17"/>
<title>git-bundle(1)</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700"/>
<style>
/*! Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | https://asciidoctor.org */
/* Uncomment the following line when using as a custom stylesheet */
/* @import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700"; */
html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
a{background:none}
a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
b,strong{font-weight:bold}
abbr{font-size:.9em}
abbr[title]{cursor:help;border-bottom:1px dotted #dddddf;text-decoration:none}
dfn{font-style:italic}
hr{height:0}
mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
small{font-size:80%}
sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
sup{top:-.5em}
sub{bottom:-.25em}
img{border:0}
svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
figure{margin:0}
audio,video{display:inline-block}
audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
legend{border:0;padding:0}
button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
button,input{line-height:normal}
button,select{text-transform:none}
button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
input[type=checkbox],input[type=radio]{padding:0}
button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
*,::before,::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html,body{font-size:100%}
body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;word-wrap:anywhere;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a:hover{cursor:pointer}
img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
object,embed{height:100%}
img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
.left{float:left!important}
.right{float:right!important}
.text-left{text-align:left!important}
.text-right{text-align:right!important}
.text-center{text-align:center!important}
.text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
.hide{display:none}
img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
select{width:100%}
.subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0}
a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
a img{border:0}
p{line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
h1{font-size:2.125em}
h2{font-size:1.6875em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
h6{font-size:1em}
hr{border:solid #dddddf;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em}
em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
ul,ol,dl{line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
ul.square li ul,ul.circle li ul,ul.disc li ul{list-style:inherit}
ul.square{list-style-type:square}
ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
h1{font-size:2.75em}
h2{font-size:2.3125em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:1px solid #dedede;word-wrap:normal}
table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7}
table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
table tr.even,table tr.alt{background:#f8f8f7}
table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{line-height:1.6}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
.center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.stretch{width:100%}
.clearfix::before,.clearfix::after,.float-group::before,.float-group::after{content:" ";display:table}
.clearfix::after,.float-group::after{clear:both}
:not(pre).nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
:not(pre).nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
:not(pre).pre-wrap{white-space:pre-wrap}
:not(pre):not([class^=L])>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background:#f7f7f8;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
pre{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
pre code,pre pre{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}
pre>code{display:block}
pre.nowrap,pre.nowrap pre{white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal}
em em{font-style:normal}
strong strong{font-weight:400}
.keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),inset 0 0 0 .1em #fff;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
.keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
.keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
.menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
.menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
.menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
.menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
.menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
b.button::before,b.button::after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
b.button::before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
b.button::after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin:0 auto;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
#header::before,#header::after,#content::before,#content::after,#footnotes::before,#footnotes::after,#footer::before,#footer::after{content:" ";display:table}
#header::after,#content::after,#footnotes::after,#footer::after{clear:both}
#content{margin-top:1.25em}
#content::before{content:none}
#header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
#header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #dddddf}
#header>h1:only-child,body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
#header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap}
#header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
#header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br{display:none}
#header .details br+span::before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
#header .details br+span.author::before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br+span#revremark::before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
#header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
#header #revnumber::after{content:"\00a0"}
#content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e9;padding-bottom:.5em}
#toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
#toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
#toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
#toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
#toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
#toc a{text-decoration:none}
#toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
#toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
#toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #e7e7e9;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
#toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #e7e7e9;left:auto;right:0}}
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
#toc.toc2{width:20em}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
#content #toc{border:1px solid #e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;border-radius:4px}
#content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
#content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
#footer{max-width:none;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
#footer-text{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.8);line-height:1.44}
#content{margin-bottom:.625em}
.sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#content{margin-bottom:1.25em}
.sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
.sect1:last-child{padding-bottom:0}
.sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #e7e7e9}
#content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
#content h1>a.anchor::before,h2>a.anchor::before,h3>a.anchor::before,#toctitle>a.anchor::before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor::before,h4>a.anchor::before,h5>a.anchor::before,h6>a.anchor::before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
#content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
#content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
#content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
details,.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
details{margin-left:1.25rem}
details>summary{cursor:pointer;display:block;position:relative;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:.625rem;outline:none;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}
details>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
details>summary::before{content:"";border:solid transparent;border-left:solid;border-width:.3em 0 .3em .5em;position:absolute;top:.5em;left:-1.25rem;transform:translateX(15%)}
details[open]>summary::before{border:solid transparent;border-top:solid;border-width:.5em .3em 0;transform:translateY(15%)}
details>summary::after{content:"";width:1.25rem;height:1em;position:absolute;top:.3em;left:-1.25rem}
.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
table.tableblock.fit-content>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;width:0}
.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>[class=paragraph]:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
.admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:none}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
.admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #dddddf;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);word-wrap:anywhere}
.admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.exampleblock>.content{border:1px solid #e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;border-radius:4px}
.exampleblock>.content>:first-child{margin-top:0}
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.sidebarblock{border:1px solid #dbdbd6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f3f3f2;border-radius:4px}
.sidebarblock>:first-child{margin-top:0}
.sidebarblock>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.sidebarblock>.content>.title{color:#7a2518;margin-top:0;text-align:center}
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{border-radius:4px;overflow-x:auto;padding:1em;font-size:.8125em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:.90625em}}
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:1em}}
.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre:not(.highlight),.listingblock>.content>pre[class=highlight],.listingblock>.content>pre[class^="highlight "]{background:#f7f7f8}
.literalblock.output pre{color:#f7f7f8;background:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
.listingblock>.content{position:relative}
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:none;content:attr(data-lang);position:absolute;font-size:.75em;top:.425rem;right:.5rem;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
.listingblock:hover code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command::before{content:attr(data-prompt);padding-right:.5em;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command:not([data-prompt])::before{content:"$"}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs{padding:0}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs>code{padding:1em;border-radius:4px}
.listingblock pre.prettyprint{border-width:0}
.prettyprint{background:#f7f7f8}
pre.prettyprint .linenums{line-height:1.45;margin-left:2em}
pre.prettyprint li{background:none;list-style-type:inherit;padding-left:0}
pre.prettyprint li code[data-lang]::before{opacity:1}
pre.prettyprint li:not(:first-child) code[data-lang]::before{display:none}
table.linenotable{border-collapse:separate;border:0;margin-bottom:0;background:none}
table.linenotable td[class]{color:inherit;vertical-align:top;padding:0;line-height:inherit;white-space:normal}
table.linenotable td.code{padding-left:.75em}
table.linenotable td.linenos,pre.pygments .linenos{border-right:1px solid;opacity:.35;padding-right:.5em;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}
pre.pygments span.linenos{display:inline-block;margin-right:.75em}
.quoteblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em 1.5em;display:table}
.quoteblock:not(.excerpt)>.title{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-bottom:.75em}
.quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.75;word-spacing:.1em;letter-spacing:0;font-style:italic;text-align:justify}
.quoteblock blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}
.quoteblock blockquote::before{content:"\201c";float:left;font-size:2.75em;font-weight:bold;line-height:.6em;margin-left:-.6em;color:#7a2518;text-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
.quoteblock blockquote>.paragraph:last-child p{margin-bottom:0}
.quoteblock .attribution{margin-top:.75em;margin-right:.5ex;text-align:right}
.verseblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em}
.verseblock pre{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-size:1.15rem;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-weight:300;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
.verseblock pre strong{font-weight:400}
.verseblock .attribution{margin-top:1.25rem;margin-left:.5ex}
.quoteblock .attribution,.verseblock .attribution{font-size:.9375em;line-height:1.45;font-style:italic}
.quoteblock .attribution br,.verseblock .attribution br{display:none}
.quoteblock .attribution cite,.verseblock .attribution cite{display:block;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote::before,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote::before,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote::before{display:none}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote,.quoteblock.abstract p,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{line-height:1.6;word-spacing:0}
.quoteblock.abstract{margin:0 1em 1.25em;display:block}
.quoteblock.abstract>.title{margin:0 0 .375em;font-size:1.15em;text-align:center}
.quoteblock.excerpt>blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock{padding:0 0 .25em 1em;border-left:.25em solid #dddddf}
.quoteblock.excerpt,.quoteblock .quoteblock{margin-left:0}
.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{color:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem}
.quoteblock.excerpt .attribution,.quoteblock .quoteblock .attribution{color:inherit;font-size:.85rem;text-align:left;margin-right:0}
p.tableblock:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
td.tableblock>.content{margin-bottom:1.25em;word-wrap:anywhere}
td.tableblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:-1.25em}
table.tableblock,th.tableblock,td.tableblock{border:0 solid #dedede}
table.grid-all>*>tr>*{border-width:1px}
table.grid-cols>*>tr>*{border-width:0 1px}
table.grid-rows>*>tr>*{border-width:1px 0}
table.frame-all{border-width:1px}
table.frame-ends{border-width:1px 0}
table.frame-sides{border-width:0 1px}
table.frame-none>colgroup+*>:first-child>*,table.frame-sides>colgroup+*>:first-child>*{border-top-width:0}
table.frame-none>:last-child>:last-child>*,table.frame-sides>:last-child>:last-child>*{border-bottom-width:0}
table.frame-none>*>tr>:first-child,table.frame-ends>*>tr>:first-child{border-left-width:0}
table.frame-none>*>tr>:last-child,table.frame-ends>*>tr>:last-child{border-right-width:0}
table.stripes-all>*>tr,table.stripes-odd>*>tr:nth-of-type(odd),table.stripes-even>*>tr:nth-of-type(even),table.stripes-hover>*>tr:hover{background:#f8f8f7}
th.halign-left,td.halign-left{text-align:left}
th.halign-right,td.halign-right{text-align:right}
th.halign-center,td.halign-center{text-align:center}
th.valign-top,td.valign-top{vertical-align:top}
th.valign-bottom,td.valign-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}
th.valign-middle,td.valign-middle{vertical-align:middle}
table thead th,table tfoot th{font-weight:bold}
tbody tr th{background:#f7f8f7}
tbody tr th,tbody tr th p,tfoot tr th,tfoot tr th p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-weight:bold}
p.tableblock>code:only-child{background:none;padding:0}
p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
ol{margin-left:1.75em}
ul li ol{margin-left:1.5em}
dl dd{margin-left:1.125em}
dl dd:last-child,dl dd:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
li p,ul dd,ol dd,.olist .olist,.ulist .ulist,.ulist .olist,.olist .ulist{margin-bottom:.625em}
ul.checklist,ul.none,ol.none,ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered,ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{list-style-type:none}
ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered{margin-left:.625em}
ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{margin-left:0}
li>p:empty:only-child::before{content:"";display:inline-block}
ul.checklist>li>p:first-child{margin-left:-1em}
ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>.fa-square-o:first-child,ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>.fa-check-square-o:first-child{width:1.25em;font-size:.8em;position:relative;bottom:.125em}
ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>input[type=checkbox]:first-child{margin-right:.25em}
ul.inline{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;list-style:none;margin:0 0 .625em -1.25em}
ul.inline>li{margin-left:1.25em}
.unstyled dl dt{font-weight:400;font-style:normal}
ol.arabic{list-style-type:decimal}
ol.decimal{list-style-type:decimal-leading-zero}
ol.loweralpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}
ol.upperalpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}
ol.lowerroman{list-style-type:lower-roman}
ol.upperroman{list-style-type:upper-roman}
ol.lowergreek{list-style-type:lower-greek}
.hdlist>table,.colist>table{border:0;background:none}
.hdlist>table>tbody>tr,.colist>table>tbody>tr{background:none}
td.hdlist1,td.hdlist2{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .625em}
td.hdlist1{font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:1.25em}
td.hdlist2{word-wrap:anywhere}
.literalblock+.colist,.listingblock+.colist{margin-top:-.5em}
.colist td:not([class]):first-child{padding:.4em .75em 0;line-height:1;vertical-align:top}
.colist td:not([class]):first-child img{max-width:none}
.colist td:not([class]):last-child{padding:.25em 0}
.thumb,.th{line-height:0;display:inline-block;border:4px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd}
.imageblock.left{margin:.25em .625em 1.25em 0}
.imageblock.right{margin:.25em 0 1.25em .625em}
.imageblock>.title{margin-bottom:0}
.imageblock.thumb,.imageblock.th{border-width:6px}
.imageblock.thumb>.title,.imageblock.th>.title{padding:0 .125em}
.image.left,.image.right{margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.25em;display:inline-block;line-height:0}
.image.left{margin-right:.625em}
.image.right{margin-left:.625em}
a.image{text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}
a.image object{pointer-events:none}
sup.footnote,sup.footnoteref{font-size:.875em;position:static;vertical-align:super}
sup.footnote a,sup.footnoteref a{text-decoration:none}
sup.footnote a:active,sup.footnoteref a:active{text-decoration:underline}
#footnotes{padding-top:.75em;padding-bottom:.75em;margin-bottom:.625em}
#footnotes hr{width:20%;min-width:6.25em;margin:-.25em 0 .75em;border-width:1px 0 0}
#footnotes .footnote{padding:0 .375em 0 .225em;line-height:1.3334;font-size:.875em;margin-left:1.2em;margin-bottom:.2em}
#footnotes .footnote a:first-of-type{font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;margin-left:-1.05em}
#footnotes .footnote:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}
#content #footnotes{margin-top:-.625em;margin-bottom:0;padding:.75em 0}
div.unbreakable{page-break-inside:avoid}
.big{font-size:larger}
.small{font-size:smaller}
.underline{text-decoration:underline}
.overline{text-decoration:overline}
.line-through{text-decoration:line-through}
.aqua{color:#00bfbf}
.aqua-background{background:#00fafa}
.black{color:#000}
.black-background{background:#000}
.blue{color:#0000bf}
.blue-background{background:#0000fa}
.fuchsia{color:#bf00bf}
.fuchsia-background{background:#fa00fa}
.gray{color:#606060}
.gray-background{background:#7d7d7d}
.green{color:#006000}
.green-background{background:#007d00}
.lime{color:#00bf00}
.lime-background{background:#00fa00}
.maroon{color:#600000}
.maroon-background{background:#7d0000}
.navy{color:#000060}
.navy-background{background:#00007d}
.olive{color:#606000}
.olive-background{background:#7d7d00}
.purple{color:#600060}
.purple-background{background:#7d007d}
.red{color:#bf0000}
.red-background{background:#fa0000}
.silver{color:#909090}
.silver-background{background:#bcbcbc}
.teal{color:#006060}
.teal-background{background:#007d7d}
.white{color:#bfbfbf}
.white-background{background:#fafafa}
.yellow{color:#bfbf00}
.yellow-background{background:#fafa00}
span.icon>.fa{cursor:default}
a span.icon>.fa{cursor:inherit}
.admonitionblock td.icon [class^="fa icon-"]{font-size:2.5em;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:default}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-note::before{content:"\f05a";color:#19407c}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-tip::before{content:"\f0eb";text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(155,155,0,.8);color:#111}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-warning::before{content:"\f071";color:#bf6900}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-caution::before{content:"\f06d";color:#bf3400}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-important::before{content:"\f06a";color:#bf0000}
.conum[data-value]{display:inline-block;color:#fff!important;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-radius:50%;text-align:center;font-size:.75em;width:1.67em;height:1.67em;line-height:1.67em;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}
.conum[data-value] *{color:#fff!important}
.conum[data-value]+b{display:none}
.conum[data-value]::after{content:attr(data-value)}
pre .conum[data-value]{position:relative;top:-.125em}
b.conum *{color:inherit!important}
.conum:not([data-value]):empty{display:none}
dt,th.tableblock,td.content,div.footnote{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
h1,h2,p,td.content,span.alt,summary{letter-spacing:-.01em}
p strong,td.content strong,div.footnote strong{letter-spacing:-.005em}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content,span.alt,summary{font-size:1.0625rem}
p{margin-bottom:1.25rem}
.sidebarblock p,.sidebarblock dt,.sidebarblock td.content,p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
.exampleblock>.content{background:#fffef7;border-color:#e0e0dc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc}
.print-only{display:none!important}
@page{margin:1.25cm .75cm}
@media print{*{box-shadow:none!important;text-shadow:none!important}
html{font-size:80%}
a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline!important}
a.bare,a[href^="#"],a[href^="mailto:"]{text-decoration:none!important}
a[href^="http:"]:not(.bare)::after,a[href^="https:"]:not(.bare)::after{content:"(" attr(href) ")";display:inline-block;font-size:.875em;padding-left:.25em}
abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
abbr[title]::after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}
pre,blockquote,tr,img,object,svg{page-break-inside:avoid}
thead{display:table-header-group}
svg{max-width:100%}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content{font-size:1em;orphans:3;widows:3}
h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{page-break-after:avoid}
#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{max-width:none}
#toc,.sidebarblock,.exampleblock>.content{background:none!important}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
body.book #header{text-align:center}
body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em}
body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
body.book #header .details br{display:block}
body.book #header .details br+span::before{content:none!important}
body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
#footer{padding:0 .9375em}
.hide-on-print{display:none!important}
.print-only{display:block!important}
.hide-for-print{display:none!important}
.show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
@media amzn-kf8,print{#header>h1:first-child{margin-top:1.25rem}
.sect1{padding:0!important}
.sect1+.sect1{border:0}
#footer{background:none}
#footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:.9em}}
@media amzn-kf8{#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{padding:0}}
</style>
</head>
<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-bundle(1) Manual Page</h1>
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-bundle - Move objects and refs by archive</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git bundle</em> create [-q | --quiet | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
                    [--version=&lt;version&gt;] &lt;file&gt; &lt;git-rev-list-args&gt;
<em>git bundle</em> verify [-q | --quiet] &lt;file&gt;
<em>git bundle</em> list-heads &lt;file&gt; [&lt;refname&gt;&#8230;&#8203;]
<em>git bundle</em> unbundle [--progress] &lt;file&gt; [&lt;refname&gt;&#8230;&#8203;]</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Create, unpack, and manipulate "bundle" files. Bundles are used for
the "offline" transfer of Git objects without an active "server"
sitting on the other side of the network connection.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>They can be used to create both incremental and full backups of a
repository, and to relay the state of the references in one repository
to another.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Git commands that fetch or otherwise "read" via protocols such as
<code>ssh://</code> and <code>https://</code> can also operate on bundle files. It is
possible <a href="git-clone.html">git-clone(1)</a> a new repository from a bundle, to use
<a href="git-fetch.html">git-fetch(1)</a> to fetch from one, and to list the references
contained within it with <a href="git-ls-remote.html">git-ls-remote(1)</a>. There&#8217;s no
corresponding "write" support, i.e.a <em>git push</em> into a bundle is not
supported.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>See the "EXAMPLES" section below for examples of how to use bundles.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_bundle_format">BUNDLE FORMAT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Bundles are <code>.pack</code> files (see <a href="git-pack-objects.html">git-pack-objects(1)</a>) with a
header indicating what references are contained within the bundle.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Like the the packed archive format itself bundles can either be
self-contained, or be created using exclusions.
See the "OBJECT PREREQUISITES" section below.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Bundles created using revision exclusions are "thin packs" created
using the <code>--thin</code> option to <a href="git-pack-objects.html">git-pack-objects(1)</a>, and
unbundled using the <code>--fix-thin</code> option to <a href="git-index-pack.html">git-index-pack(1)</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>There is no option to create a "thick pack" when using revision
exclusions, and users should not be concerned about the difference. By
using "thin packs", bundles created using exclusions are smaller in
size. That they&#8217;re "thin" under the hood is merely noted here as a
curiosity, and as a reference to other documentation.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>See <a href="technical/bundle-format.html">the <code>bundle-format</code>
documentation</a> for more details and the discussion of "thin pack" in
<a href="technical/pack-format.html">the pack format documentation</a> for
further details.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">create [options] &lt;file&gt; &lt;git-rev-list-args&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Used to create a bundle named <em>file</em>.  This requires the
<em>&lt;git-rev-list-args&gt;</em> arguments to define the bundle contents.
<em>options</em> contains the options specific to the <em>git bundle create</em>
subcommand.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">verify &lt;file&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Used to check that a bundle file is valid and will apply
cleanly to the current repository.  This includes checks on the
bundle format itself as well as checking that the prerequisite
commits exist and are fully linked in the current repository.
Then, <em>git bundle</em> prints a list of missing commits, if any.
Finally, information about additional capabilities, such as "object
filter", is printed. See "Capabilities" in link:technical/bundle-format.html
for more information. The exit code is zero for success, but will
be nonzero if the bundle file is invalid.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">list-heads &lt;file&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Lists the references defined in the bundle.  If followed by a
list of references, only references matching those given are
printed out.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">unbundle &lt;file&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Passes the objects in the bundle to <em>git index-pack</em>
for storage in the repository, then prints the names of all
defined references. If a list of references is given, only
references matching those in the list are printed. This command is
really plumbing, intended to be called only by <em>git fetch</em>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">&lt;git-rev-list-args&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>A list of arguments, acceptable to <em>git rev-parse</em> and
<em>git rev-list</em> (and containing a named ref, see SPECIFYING REFERENCES
below), that specifies the specific objects and references
to transport.  For example, <code>master~10..master</code> causes the
current master reference to be packaged along with all objects
added since its 10th ancestor commit.  There is no explicit
limit to the number of references and objects that may be
packaged.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">[&lt;refname&gt;&#8230;&#8203;]</dt>
<dd>
<p>A list of references used to limit the references reported as
available. This is principally of use to <em>git fetch</em>, which
expects to receive only those references asked for and not
necessarily everything in the pack (in this case, <em>git bundle</em> acts
like <em>git fetch-pack</em>).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--progress</dt>
<dd>
<p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
is specified. This flag forces progress status even if
the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--all-progress</dt>
<dd>
<p>When --stdout is specified then progress report is
displayed during the object count and compression phases
but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is
that in some cases the output stream is directly linked
to another command which may wish to display progress
status of its own as it processes incoming pack data.
This flag is like --progress except that it forces progress
report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is
used.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--all-progress-implied</dt>
<dd>
<p>This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display
is activated.  Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn&#8217;t actually
force any progress display by itself.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--version=&lt;version&gt;</dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the bundle version.  Version 2 is the older format and can only be
used with SHA-1 repositories; the newer version 3 contains capabilities that
permit extensions. The default is the oldest supported format, based on the
hash algorithm in use.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">-q</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--quiet</dt>
<dd>
<p>This flag makes the command not to report its progress
on the standard error stream.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_specifying_references">SPECIFYING REFERENCES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Revisions must be accompanied by reference names to be packaged in a
bundle.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>More than one reference may be packaged, and more than one set of prerequisite objects can
be specified.  The objects packaged are those not contained in the
union of the prerequisites.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <em>git bundle create</em> command resolves the reference names for you
using the same rules as <code>git rev-parse --abbrev-ref=loose</code>. Each
prerequisite can be specified explicitly (e.g. <code>^master~10</code>), or implicitly
(e.g. <code>master~10..master</code>, <code>--since=10.days.ago master</code>).</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>All of these simple cases are OK (assuming we have a "master" and
"next" branch):</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create master.bundle master
$ echo master | git bundle create master.bundle --stdin
$ git bundle create master-and-next.bundle master next
$ (echo master; echo next) | git bundle create master-and-next.bundle --stdin</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>And so are these (and the same but omitted <code>--stdin</code> examples):</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create recent-master.bundle master~10..master
$ git bundle create recent-updates.bundle master~10..master next~5..next</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A revision name or a range whose right-hand-side cannot be resolved to
a reference is not accepted:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create HEAD.bundle $(git rev-parse HEAD)
fatal: Refusing to create empty bundle.
$ git bundle create master-yesterday.bundle master~10..master~5
fatal: Refusing to create empty bundle.</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_object_prerequisites">OBJECT PREREQUISITES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When creating bundles it is possible to create a self-contained bundle
that can be unbundled in a repository with no common history, as well
as providing negative revisions to exclude objects needed in the
earlier parts of the history.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Feeding a revision such as <code>new</code> to <code>git bundle create</code> will create a
bundle file that contains all the objects reachable from the revision
<code>new</code>. That bundle can be unbundled in any repository to obtain a full
history that leads to the revision <code>new</code>:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create full.bundle new</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A revision range such as <code>old..new</code> will produce a bundle file that
will require the revision <code>old</code> (and any objects reachable from it)
to exist for the bundle to be "unbundle"-able:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create full.bundle old..new</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A self-contained bundle without any prerequisites can be extracted
into anywhere, even into an empty repository, or be cloned from
(i.e., <code>new</code>, but not <code>old..new</code>).</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
to contain objects already in the destination, as these are ignored
when unpacking at the destination.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you want to match <code>git clone --mirror</code>, which would include your
refs such as <code>refs/remotes/*</code>, use <code>--all</code>.
If you want to provide the same set of refs that a clone directly
from the source repository would get, use <code>--branches --tags</code> for
the <code>&lt;git-rev-list-args&gt;</code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <em>git bundle verify</em> command can be used to check whether your
recipient repository has the required prerequisite commits for a
bundle.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Assume you want to transfer the history from a repository R1 on machine A
to another repository R2 on machine B.
For whatever reason, direct connection between A and B is not allowed,
but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc.).
We want to update R2 with development made on the branch master in R1.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To bootstrap the process, you can first create a bundle that does not have
any prerequisites. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
processed, in order to make it easy to later update the other repository
with an incremental bundle:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>machineA$ cd R1
machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle master
machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Then you transfer file.bundle to the target machine B. Because this
bundle does not require any existing object to be extracted, you can
create a new repository on machine B by cloning from it:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>machineB$ git clone -b master /home/me/tmp/file.bundle R2</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This will define a remote called "origin" in the resulting repository that
lets you fetch and pull from the bundle. The $GIT_DIR/config file in R2 will
have an entry like this:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>[remote "origin"]
    url = /home/me/tmp/file.bundle
    fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To update the resulting mine.git repository, you can fetch or pull after
replacing the bundle stored at /home/me/tmp/file.bundle with incremental
updates.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>After working some more in the original repository, you can create an
incremental bundle to update the other repository:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>machineA$ cd R1
machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle lastR2bundle..master
machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You then transfer the bundle to the other machine to replace
/home/me/tmp/file.bundle, and pull from it.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>machineB$ cd R2
machineB$ git pull</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you know up to what commit the intended recipient repository should
have the necessary objects, you can use that knowledge to specify the
prerequisites, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
in the resulting bundle. The previous example used the lastR2bundle tag
for this purpose, but you can use any other options that you would give to
the <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a> command. Here are more examples:</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You can use a tag that is present in both:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create mybundle v1.0.0..master</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You can use a prerequisite based on time:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create mybundle --since=10.days master</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You can use the number of commits:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle create mybundle -10 master</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You can run <code>git-bundle verify</code> to see if you can extract from a bundle
that was created with a prerequisite:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git bundle verify mybundle</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This will list what commits you must have in order to extract from the
bundle and will error out if you do not have them.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A bundle from a recipient repository&#8217;s point of view is just like a
regular repository which it fetches or pulls from. You can, for example, map
references when fetching:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git fetch mybundle master:localRef</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>You can also see what references it offers:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git ls-remote mybundle</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2022-08-30 21:40:02 UTC
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

${this.title}

Code Editor : git-bundle.html