Gecko [ edgpens.lpkmn.gov.my ]

Name	Size	Permission
howto	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx
technical	[ DIR ]	drwxrwxrwx
MyFirstContribution.html	101.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
MyFirstObjectWalk.html	72.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
SubmittingPatches.html	63.36 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
ToolsForGit.html	32.1 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
docbook-xsl.css	4.45 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
everyday.html	29.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-add.html	50.6 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-am.html	42.42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-annotate.html	40.26 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-apply.html	44.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-archive.html	41.15 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bash.html	34.89 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bisect-lk2009.html	92.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bisect.html	52.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-blame.html	51.15 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-branch.html	51.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bugreport.html	32.14 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-bundle.html	45.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-cat-file.html	47.64 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-attr.html	34.93 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-ignore.html	35.68 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-mailmap.html	31.67 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-check-ref-format.html	36.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-checkout-index.html	37.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-checkout.html	59.77 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-cherry-pick.html	42.18 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-cherry.html	35.1 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-citool.html	30.53 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-clean.html	35.76 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-clone.html	52.58 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-column.html	32.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-commit-graph.html	36.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-commit-tree.html	39.13 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-commit.html	65.26 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-config.html	367.82 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-count-objects.html	31.79 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential-cache--daemon.h...	31.06 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential-cache.html	32.78 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential-store.html	34.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-credential.html	37.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-daemon.html	46.12 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-describe.html	40.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff-files.html	86.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff-index.html	91.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff-tree.html	117.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-diff.html	95.61 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-difftool.html	37.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fast-export.html	43.41 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fast-import.html	111.36 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fetch-pack.html	35.51 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fetch.html	75.8 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-filter-branch.html	65.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fmt-merge-msg.html	33.93 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-for-each-ref.html	50.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-for-each-repo.html	32.12 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-format-patch.html	88 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fsck-objects.html	30.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fsck.html	41.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-fsmonitor--daemon.html	32.83 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-gc.html	45.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-get-tar-commit-id.html	30.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-grep.html	46.16 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-gui.html	34.8 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-hash-object.html	32.4 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-help.html	39.51 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-hook.html	31.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-http-backend.html	43.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-http-fetch.html	32.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-http-push.html	34.02 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-imap-send.html	37.59 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-index-pack.html	36.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-init-db.html	30.34 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-init.html	38.32 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-instaweb.html	33.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-interpret-trailers.html	50.23 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-log.html	169.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-ls-files.html	41.98 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-ls-remote.html	35.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-ls-tree.html	37.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mailinfo.html	35.02 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mailsplit.html	31.95 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-maintenance.html	52.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-base.html	40.83 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-file.html	34.2 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-index.html	33.18 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-one-file.html	30.3 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge-tree.html	30.72 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-merge.html	78.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mergetool--lib.html	31.87 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mergetool.html	50.4 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mktag.html	32.6 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mktree.html	31.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-multi-pack-index.html	35.81 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-mv.html	32.81 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-name-rev.html	34.27 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-notes.html	49.29 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-p4.html	67.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pack-objects.html	53.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pack-redundant.html	31.61 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pack-refs.html	32.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-patch-id.html	32.58 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-prune-packed.html	31.36 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-prune.html	33.06 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-pull.html	85.03 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-push.html	76.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-quiltimport.html	32.19 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-range-diff.html	43.82 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-read-tree.html	50.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rebase.html	103.48 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-receive-pack.html	42.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-reflog.html	36.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote-ext.html	35.34 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote-fd.html	32.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote-helpers.html	29.82 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-remote.html	42.5 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-repack.html	41.93 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-replace.html	37.28 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-request-pull.html	33.02 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rerere.html	39.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-reset.html	56.54 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-restore.html	39.97 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rev-list.html	118.22 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rev-parse.html	72.3 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-revert.html	37.42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-rm.html	39.86 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-send-email.html	57.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-send-pack.html	36.87 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sh-i18n--envsubst.html	31.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sh-i18n.html	31.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sh-setup.html	33.75 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-shell.html	34.17 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-shortlog.html	71.45 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show-branch.html	38.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show-index.html	32.2 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show-ref.html	37.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-show.html	112.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-sparse-checkout.html	54.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-stage.html	30.24 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-stash.html	48.68 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-status.html	53.31 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-stripspace.html	32.76 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-submodule.html	55.69 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-subtree.html	47.96 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-svn.html	89.33 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-switch.html	41.98 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-symbolic-ref.html	32.69 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-tag.html	49.74 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-tools.html	30.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-unpack-file.html	30.51 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-unpack-objects.html	31.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-update-index.html	60.6 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-update-ref.html	38.35 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-update-server-info.html	30.84 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-upload-archive.html	32.58 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-upload-pack.html	32.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-var.html	32.49 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-verify-commit.html	30.76 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-verify-pack.html	31.71 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-verify-tag.html	30.75 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-version.html	30.66 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-web--browse.html	35.06 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-whatchanged.html	31.39 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-worktree.html	56.98 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git-write-tree.html	31.25 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
git.html	106.92 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitattributes.html	92.19 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcli.html	42 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcore-tutorial.html	111 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcredentials.html	43.44 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitcvs-migration.html	39.85 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitdiffcore.html	46.2 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
giteveryday.html	50.37 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitfaq.html	56.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitglossary.html	67.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
githooks.html	65.99 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitignore.html	40.59 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitk.html	40.38 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitmailmap.html	35.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitmodules.html	36.43 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitnamespaces.html	34.91 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitremote-helpers.html	58.26 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitrepository-layout.html	50.05 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitrevisions.html	51.97 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitsubmodules.html	44.09 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gittutorial-2.html	46.96 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gittutorial.html	57.55 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitweb.conf.html	80.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitweb.html	63.57 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
gitworkflows.html	52.47 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
howto-index.html	35.7 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
index.html	106.92 KB	-rw-rw-rw-
user-manual.html	261.1 KB	-rw-rw-rw-

Code Editor : git-update-ref.html

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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-update-ref(1) Manual Page</h1>
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-update-ref - Update the object name stored in a ref safely</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git update-ref</em> [-m &lt;reason&gt;] [--no-deref] (-d &lt;ref&gt; [&lt;oldvalue&gt;] | [--create-reflog] &lt;ref&gt; &lt;newvalue&gt; [&lt;oldvalue&gt;] | --stdin [-z])</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Given two arguments, stores the &lt;newvalue&gt; in the &lt;ref&gt;, possibly
dereferencing the symbolic refs.  E.g. <code>git update-ref HEAD
&lt;newvalue&gt;</code> updates the current branch head to the new object.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Given three arguments, stores the &lt;newvalue&gt; in the &lt;ref&gt;,
possibly dereferencing the symbolic refs, after verifying that
the current value of the &lt;ref&gt; matches &lt;oldvalue&gt;.
E.g. <code>git update-ref refs/heads/master &lt;newvalue&gt; &lt;oldvalue&gt;</code>
updates the master branch head to &lt;newvalue&gt; only if its current
value is &lt;oldvalue&gt;.  You can specify 40 "0" or an empty string
as &lt;oldvalue&gt; to make sure that the ref you are creating does
not exist.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>It also allows a "ref" file to be a symbolic pointer to another
ref file by starting with the four-byte header sequence of
"ref:".</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>More importantly, it allows the update of a ref file to follow
these symbolic pointers, whether they are symlinks or these
"regular file symbolic refs".  It follows <strong>real</strong> symlinks only
if they start with "refs/": otherwise it will just try to read
them and update them as a regular file (i.e. it will allow the
filesystem to follow them, but will overwrite such a symlink to
somewhere else with a regular filename).</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If --no-deref is given, &lt;ref&gt; itself is overwritten, rather than
the result of following the symbolic pointers.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In general, using</p>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>git update-ref HEAD "$head"</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>should be a <em>lot</em> safer than doing</p>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>echo "$head" &gt; "$GIT_DIR/HEAD"</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>both from a symlink following standpoint <strong>and</strong> an error checking
standpoint.  The "refs/" rule for symlinks means that symlinks
that point to "outside" the tree are safe: they&#8217;ll be followed
for reading but not for writing (so we&#8217;ll never write through a
ref symlink to some other tree, if you have copied a whole
archive by creating a symlink tree).</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>With <code>-d</code> flag, it deletes the named &lt;ref&gt; after verifying it
still contains &lt;oldvalue&gt;.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>With <code>--stdin</code>, update-ref reads instructions from standard input and
performs all modifications together.  Specify commands of the form:</p>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>update SP &lt;ref&gt; SP &lt;newvalue&gt; [SP &lt;oldvalue&gt;] LF
create SP &lt;ref&gt; SP &lt;newvalue&gt; LF
delete SP &lt;ref&gt; [SP &lt;oldvalue&gt;] LF
verify SP &lt;ref&gt; [SP &lt;oldvalue&gt;] LF
option SP &lt;opt&gt; LF
start LF
prepare LF
commit LF
abort LF</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>With <code>--create-reflog</code>, update-ref will create a reflog for each ref
even if one would not ordinarily be created.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Quote fields containing whitespace as if they were strings in C source
code; i.e., surrounded by double-quotes and with backslash escapes.
Use 40 "0" characters or the empty string to specify a zero value.  To
specify a missing value, omit the value and its preceding SP entirely.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Alternatively, use <code>-z</code> to specify in NUL-terminated format, without
quoting:</p>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>update SP &lt;ref&gt; NUL &lt;newvalue&gt; NUL [&lt;oldvalue&gt;] NUL
create SP &lt;ref&gt; NUL &lt;newvalue&gt; NUL
delete SP &lt;ref&gt; NUL [&lt;oldvalue&gt;] NUL
verify SP &lt;ref&gt; NUL [&lt;oldvalue&gt;] NUL
option SP &lt;opt&gt; NUL
start NUL
prepare NUL
commit NUL
abort NUL</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In this format, use 40 "0" to specify a zero value, and use the empty
string to specify a missing value.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In either format, values can be specified in any form that Git
recognizes as an object name.  Commands in any other format or a
repeated &lt;ref&gt; produce an error.  Command meanings are:</p>
</div>
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">update</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set &lt;ref&gt; to &lt;newvalue&gt; after verifying &lt;oldvalue&gt;, if given.
Specify a zero &lt;newvalue&gt; to ensure the ref does not exist
after the update and/or a zero &lt;oldvalue&gt; to make sure the
ref does not exist before the update.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">create</dt>
<dd>
<p>Create &lt;ref&gt; with &lt;newvalue&gt; after verifying it does not
exist.  The given &lt;newvalue&gt; may not be zero.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">delete</dt>
<dd>
<p>Delete &lt;ref&gt; after verifying it exists with &lt;oldvalue&gt;, if
given.  If given, &lt;oldvalue&gt; may not be zero.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">verify</dt>
<dd>
<p>Verify &lt;ref&gt; against &lt;oldvalue&gt; but do not change it.  If
&lt;oldvalue&gt; is zero or missing, the ref must not exist.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">option</dt>
<dd>
<p>Modify behavior of the next command naming a &lt;ref&gt;.
The only valid option is <code>no-deref</code> to avoid dereferencing
a symbolic ref.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">start</dt>
<dd>
<p>Start a transaction. In contrast to a non-transactional session, a
transaction will automatically abort if the session ends without an
explicit commit. This command may create a new empty transaction when
the current one has been committed or aborted already.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">prepare</dt>
<dd>
<p>Prepare to commit the transaction. This will create lock files for all
queued reference updates. If one reference could not be locked, the
transaction will be aborted.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">commit</dt>
<dd>
<p>Commit all reference updates queued for the transaction, ending the
transaction.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">abort</dt>
<dd>
<p>Abort the transaction, releasing all locks if the transaction is in
prepared state.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If all &lt;ref&gt;s can be locked with matching &lt;oldvalue&gt;s
simultaneously, all modifications are performed.  Otherwise, no
modifications are performed.  Note that while each individual
&lt;ref&gt; is updated or deleted atomically, a concurrent reader may
still see a subset of the modifications.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_logging_updates">LOGGING UPDATES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If config parameter "core.logAllRefUpdates" is true and the ref is one
under "refs/heads/", "refs/remotes/", "refs/notes/", or a pseudoref
like HEAD or ORIG_HEAD; or the file "$GIT_DIR/logs/&lt;ref&gt;" exists then
<code>git update-ref</code> will append a line to the log file
"$GIT_DIR/logs/&lt;ref&gt;" (dereferencing all symbolic refs before creating
the log name) describing the change in ref value.  Log lines are
formatted as:</p>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer LF</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Where "oldsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value previously
stored in &lt;ref&gt;, "newsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value of
&lt;newvalue&gt; and "committer" is the committer&#8217;s name, email address
and date in the standard Git committer ident format.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Optionally with -m:</p>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer TAB message LF</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Where all fields are as described above and "message" is the
value supplied to the -m option.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>An update will fail (without changing &lt;ref&gt;) if the current user is
unable to create a new log file, append to the existing log file
or does not have committer information available.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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